{"id":14542,"date":"2020-11-21T12:11:19","date_gmt":"2020-11-21T12:11:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dermatly.com\/patologia-del-melanoma-subungueal\/"},"modified":"2026-03-15T11:33:37","modified_gmt":"2026-03-15T11:33:37","slug":"subungueale-melanoma-patologia","status":"publish","type":"glossary","link":"https:\/\/dermatly.com\/it\/patologia-del-melanoma-subungueal\/","title":{"rendered":"Patologia del melanoma subungueale"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Melanoma Subungueal: Caracter\u00edsticas Cl\u00ednicas e Histopatol\u00f3gicas<\/h1>\n

Il melanoma subungueale<\/span> rappresenta un cancro<\/span> que se origina a partir de una proliferaci\u00f3n maligna<\/span> di melanociti<\/span> localizada en la matriz de la unghia<\/span>. Cl\u00ednicamente, t\u00edpicamente se manifiesta como una banda pigmentata<\/span> sobre la l\u00e1mina ungueal. Esta banda muestra una tendencia a expandirse lentamente hacia el borde prossimale<\/span> y, frecuentemente, puede comprometer el pliegue ungueal adyacente<\/span> (signo de Hutchinson; Figura 1).<\/p>\n

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Melanoma subungueale<\/div>
Figura 1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Histolog\u00eda del Melanoma Subungueal<\/h2>\n

Histopatol\u00f3gicamente, la placa ungueal afectada por el melanoma subungueal exhibe una extensa deposizione<\/span> di melanina<\/span> diffusa<\/span> (Figura 2). Al examinar las secciones de la matriz y el lecho ungueal, se observa una lesi\u00f3n melanoc\u00edtica<\/span> caracterizada por una mala demarcaci\u00f3n, predominio de crecimiento unicelular y dispersi\u00f3n de tipo pagetoide<\/span> (Figuras 3 y 4). Es com\u00fan identificar la formaci\u00f3n de nidos y la confluencia de uniones celulares. La mayor\u00eda de los casos presentan una combinaci\u00f3n de citomorfolog\u00eda epitelioide<\/span> y dendr\u00edtica (Figura 5). Aunque con frecuencia son sutiles, la atipia nucleare<\/span> y los nucl\u00e9olos prominentes suelen ser caracter\u00edsticas evidentes.<\/p>\n

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Im\u00e1genes del Melanoma Subungueal<\/h3>\n<\/section>\n
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Figura 2<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"Figura<\/p>\n

Figura 3<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"Figura<\/p>\n

Figura 4<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

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Estudios Especializados para el Melanoma Subungueal<\/h2>\n

El uso de tinciones de immunoistochimica<\/span> como Melan-A y SOX10 resulta \u00fatil para delinear la extensi\u00f3n y el patr\u00f3n de la lesi\u00f3n melanoc\u00edtica<\/span>, facilitando la confirmaci\u00f3n o descarte de la invasi\u00f3n. Adicionalmente, marcadores proliferativi<\/span> (ej. Ki-67) se emplean para cuantificar un \u00edndice proliferativo elevado.<\/p>\n

La hibridaci\u00f3n fluorescente in situ (FISH<\/span>) puede aplicarse para distinguir el melanoma de las lesiones melanoc\u00edticas benignas<\/span> (lesioni<\/span>).<\/p>\n

Diagn\u00f3stico Diferencial del Melanoma Subungueal<\/h2>\n

Es fundamental considerar los siguientes diagn\u00f3sticos alternativos:<\/p>\n

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  • Proliferaci\u00f3n melanoc\u00edtica lentiginosa atipica<\/span>: Este t\u00e9rmino se ha sugerido para casos lim\u00edtrofes que no cumplen completamente con todos los criterios diagn\u00f3sticos del melanoma, especialmente en pacientes La Dermatite Allergica da Contatto<\/span>. En general, para estos casos lim\u00edtrofes se aconseja un manejo conservador, trat\u00e1ndolos como melanoma (la prueba FISH puede ser \u00fatil para evidenciar un clone<\/span> aneuploide, que sugiere malignidad).<\/li>\n
  • I nevi<\/span> matrixales y lentiggini<\/span>: Estos se distinguen porque carecen de las caracter\u00edsticas istopatologiche<\/span> at\u00edpicas observadas en el melanoma.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    La correcta caracterizaci\u00f3n histopatol\u00f3gica y mediante estudios complementarios es crucial para establecer un plan de tratamiento oportuno para el melanoma subungueal, garantizando el mejor pron\u00f3stico posible para el paciente.<\/p>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Melanoma Subungueal: Caracter\u00edsticas Cl\u00ednicas e Histopatol\u00f3gicas El melanoma subungueal representa un c\u00e1ncer que se origina a partir de una proliferaci\u00f3n maligna de melanocitos localizada en la matriz de la u\u00f1a. Cl\u00ednicamente, t\u00edpicamente se manifiesta como una banda pigmentada sobre la l\u00e1mina ungueal. Esta banda muestra una tendencia a expandirse lentamente hacia el borde proximal y, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":409,"parent":0,"template":"","glossary-cat":[],"class_list":["post-14542","glossary","type-glossary","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nPatolog\u00eda del melanoma subungueal - Dermatly.com - El sitio de tu piel<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dermatly.com\/it\/subungueale-melanoma-patologia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"it_IT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Patolog\u00eda del melanoma subungueal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Melanoma Subungueal: Caracter\u00edsticas Cl\u00ednicas e Histopatol\u00f3gicas El melanoma subungueal representa un c\u00e1ncer que se origina a partir de una proliferaci\u00f3n maligna de melanocitos localizada en la matriz de la u\u00f1a. Cl\u00ednicamente, t\u00edpicamente se manifiesta como una banda pigmentada sobre la l\u00e1mina ungueal. 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